Posts Tagged ‘ANSI’

Tying off on Scissor Lifts in Virginia

Monday, November 16th, 2009
Only one of several types of tie-off instructions put on modern scissor lifts. (Photo: Jan Thomas)

Only one of several types of tie-off instructions put on modern scissor lifts. (Photo: Jan Thomas)

Last Friday I received a call from a client’s superintendent asking me to go over the reasoning and authority for tying off on scissor lift and other personnel hoists. This is the same question I’ve been answering for years and I’ve been answering it in the same way for years… specifically, “Despite what OSHA says, if the manufacturer has provided anchors points, please use them as they have been put there for your safety!”  

In Virginia, in the fall of 2006, my answer became a little stronger as I could now point to the “authority” of VOSH when someone wanted to argue with me that OSHA doesn’t require tie off on scissor lifts. 

Earlier this year I wrote our clients a memo on this topic – it applies to industrial worksites, construction and all sectors of employment in between.  Here is a link to that memo

By the way, the superintendent was being questioned by one of his disbelieving subs.  So I reminded him that the true answer to “Why do we have to tie-off?” is “Because it’s our rule!”

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When is a Prefabricated Scaffold Frame Also an Access Ladder

Monday, November 9th, 2009
Masons need safe access and a few other things too. Photo: Jan Thomas

Masons need safe access and a few other things too. Photo: Jan Thomas

When is a Prefabricated Scaffold Frame Also an Access Ladder?

I’ve been in the safety profession long enough to remember how we used to do it 30 years ago.  And yes, we used to climb those end-frames that look like ladders.  Heck, the more agile workers climbed the cross-bracing (and some still do).

If we follow OSHA’s 1926.451(e)(6) or the less informative OSHA 1910.28(a)(2), we know that we need prefabricated scaffold access frames that have evenly spaced rungs at least 8 inches wide and not more than 16 3/4 inches tall from one rung to the next.  Where in the world do they get these dimensions from?!  ANSI standards, of course, but there is one other body of knowledge guiding us in this example.

A normal ladder has rung spacing at 12 inches on center, a rung width from 15 to 20 inches, and a tread thickness of 1 3/8.  These numbers represent our “cultural expectations” (that’s a fancy ergonomics principle).  Cultural expectations should be followed as close as possible on workplace equipment that may compromise safety, such as a ladder substitution.

Test yourself on the following examples of prefabricated scaffold frames.

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A “Consensus of Concerned Interests”

Friday, August 28th, 2009
A local skateboard park… wait, this will make sense by the end of this blog. (Photo by Brian Evans, our IT manager and a park patron)

A local skateboard park… wait, this will make sense by the end of this blog. (Photo by Brian Evans, our IT manager and a park patron)

 

I came across this wonderful turn of phrase while doing some recent research in an American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standard.  It so precisely explains the what, how, and why of our nation’s non-governmental, consensus standardization process.  

Unfortunately, I’ve found that most people in the workplace who make reference to a consensus standard developed by, say, ASME, ASTM, or ASSE (I’m only naming a few) don’t actually understand the distinctions between these organizations’ documents and ANSI (the federation or “mother ship” of concerned interests).  There is further confusion when we try to delineate clear boundaries between an OSHA standard that has been taken in part, adopted in whole, or referenced to a national consensus standard such as ANSI or NFPA.

A little “consumer education” will help.  We all buy consumer products, many of which show “accredited manufacturer’s” stamps (e.g., ASTM for toy safety).  But, does the general public know what those stamps indicate?  Safety professionals will understand what a manufacturer’s tag means when it says “always wear eye protection that meets ANSI Z87.1 requirements.” But, again, do the majority of professionals understand the distinctions between ANSI and one of its accredited Standards Developing Organizations (SDO) such as ASSE?  (Note: The official numbering for the eye protection standard is ANSI/ASSE Z87.1).

This topic of standardization and consensus development could take up a whole college course – maybe even one that I’ll get an opportunity to teach someday.  Such a course is not improbable since ANSI and its SDO’s are promoting “standards education.”    

So, get off that social networking site and spend some time reading the educational information on the consensus standard websites.  It’s actually all very interesting!  I suggest starting with http://www.ansi.org/about_ansi/introduction/history.aspx?menuid=1.   There is a simpler version at http://www.ansi.org/consumer_affairs/history_standards.aspx?menuid=5.  Then check out the new ASTM F2334 – 09 for Above Ground Public Use Skate Park Facilities… and you will view the above photograph with deeper appreciation.  A standard such as this guides the construction, operation and safety equipment required at a public use skate park and is just one example of a national consensus standard for all “concerned interests.”

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Please Note: Analysis and opinions expressed are specific to the current discussion only. Different facts, changes in standards and codes, or other circumstances may lead to different results.